VACUUM SYSTEMS
•Why a vacuum?
–Filament
–Low electron mass
–Contamination
Evangelista Torricelli (1608-1647)
Need vaccum for three reasons:

1.Filament life…will blow without vaccum
2.Reduce discharge from cathode to earth
3.Increase “mean free path” of electrons, distance w/o encountering gas molecules
4.Decrease contamination of specimen by water vapor and organics in air